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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβəʃem | om toβəʃo |
| 2SG: | toβəʃet | ot toβəʃo |
| 3SG: | toβəʃa | ok/ogeʃ toβəʃo |
| 1PL: | toβəʃena | ona/ogəna toβəʃo |
| 2PL: | toβəʃeda | oda/ogəda toβəʃo |
| 3PL: | toβəʃat | ogət toβəʃo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβəʃəʃəm | ʃəm toβəʃo |
| 2SG: | toβəʃəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ toβəʃo |
| 3SG: | toβəʃəʃ | əʃ toβəʃo |
| 1PL: | toβəʃəʃna | əʃna toβəʃo |
| 2PL: | toβəʃəʃda | əʃda toβəʃo |
| 3PL: | toβəʃəʃt | əʃt toβəʃo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβəʃenam | toβəʃen oməl |
| 2SG: | toβəʃenat | toβəʃen otəl |
| 3SG: | toβəʃen | toβəʃen ogəl |
| 1PL: | toβəʃenːa | toβəʃen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | toβəʃenda | toβəʃen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | toβəʃenət | toβəʃen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβəʃem əʎe | om toβəʃo əʎe |
| 2SG: | toβəʃet əʎe | ot toβəʃo əʎe |
| 3SG: | toβəʃa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ toβəʃo əʎe |
| 1PL: | toβəʃena əʎe | ona/ogəna toβəʃo əʎe |
| 2PL: | toβəʃeda əʎe | oda/ogəda toβəʃo əʎe |
| 3PL: | toβəʃat əʎe | ogət toβəʃo əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβəʃem ulmaʃ | om toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toβəʃet ulmaʃ | ot toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toβəʃa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toβəʃena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toβəʃeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toβəʃat ulmaʃ | ogət toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβəʃenam əʎe | toβəʃen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | toβəʃenat əʎe | toβəʃen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | toβəʃen əʎe | toβəʃen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | toβəʃenːa əʎe | toβəʃen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | toβəʃenda əʎe | toβəʃen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | toβəʃen əʎe | toβəʃen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβəʃenam ulmaʃ | toβəʃen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toβəʃenat ulmaʃ | toβəʃen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toβəʃen ulmaʃ | toβəʃen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toβəʃenːa ulmaʃ | toβəʃen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toβəʃenda ulmaʃ | toβəʃen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toβəʃen ulmaʃ | toβəʃen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβəʃo | it toβəʃo |
| 3SG: | toβəʃəʒo | ənʒe toβəʃo |
| 1PL: | (toβəʃena) | (ona/ogəna toβəʃo) |
| 2PL: | toβəʃəza | ida toβəʃo |
| 3PL: | toβəʃəʃt | ənəʃt toβəʃo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβəʃənem | ənem toβəʃo |
| 2SG: | toβəʃənet | ənet toβəʃo |
| 3SG: | toβəʃəneʒe | əneʒ toβəʃo |
| 1PL: | toβəʃənena | ənena toβəʃo |
| 2PL: | toβəʃəneda | əneda toβəʃo |
| 3PL: | toβəʃəneʃt | əneʃt toβəʃo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toβəʃənem əʎe | ənem toβəʃo əʎe |
| 2SG: | toβəʃənena əʎe | ənet toβəʃo əʎe |
| 3SG: | toβəʃəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ toβəʃo əʎe |
| 1PL: | toβəʃənena əʎe | ənena toβəʃo əʎe |
| 2PL: | toβəʃəneda əʎe | əneda toβəʃo əʎe |
| 3PL: | toβəʃəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt toβəʃo əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβəʃənet ulmaʃ | ənet toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toβəʃəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toβəʃəneda ulmaʃ | əneda toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toβəʃəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt toβəʃo ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toβəʃaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toβəʃəman |
| Active participle: | toβəʃəʃo |
| Passive participle: | toβəʃəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toβəʃəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | toβəʃədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toβəʃen |
| Negative gerund: | toβəʃəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | toβəʃəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toβəʃəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toβəʃəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | toβəʃəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | toβəʃədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||